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Summer corn is in the middle and late stages
Corn cultivation involves several key practices to ensure high yield and quality. First, during the big boot stage, nitrogen fertilizer is typically applied, making up about 50% of the total fertilizer used. This usually amounts to around 30-40 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer per mu. Additionally, granular fertilizer is applied at about 10% of the total topdressing amount, with approximately 10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre. The fertilizer should be placed in a furrow 10-15 cm wide, located 10 cm away from the plant, and 9-12 cm deep. After applying the fertilizer, the furrow should be covered with water to help it absorb into the soil.
Pest and disease control is also crucial during the ear formation stage. In the big boot period, you can use 1.5% phoxim granules mixed with 5-6 kg of fine sand per acre, or prepare a 0.1% solution of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate and mix it well into the corn heart. To manage leaf spot disease, spray a 500-800 times dilution of 50% carbendazim. For rust and brown spot disease, apply 75-100 ml of 20% triadimefon emulsifiable concentrate per acre when the disease first appears.
Manual pollination, or de-tasseling, is an important practice that helps increase production. Removing the tassels reduces nutrient consumption, promotes ear development, and improves air circulation and light penetration. It also helps align the timing of male and female flowering, increasing pollination success. De-tasseling should be done early, when the tassels are still tender, but not too early to avoid damaging the plant. The best time is when the tassel is about one-third to one-half developed. Perform this task between 9 am and 4 pm on a sunny day to allow wounds to heal quickly. Usually, one-third of the plants are de-tasseled, and no more than half, ensuring proper pollination. Avoid de-tasseling the two rows on the ground to maintain effective pollination.
Harvesting should be done when the grain milk line disappears, which indicates full maturity. Early harvesting leads to lower thousand-grain weight and reduced yield. The ideal time for harvest is when the milk line at the base of the ear has disappeared. At this point, the yield can increase by 8%-10% compared to traditional methods. When determining the harvest time, focus on the lower part of the ear, as the milk line there disappears last.