Research on Welding of Pile Joints of Piling Piles

1. Overview

The 83-meter-high piling ship, developed by a domestic company and manufactured by our team, plays a crucial role in the construction of this project, as illustrated in Figure 1. The pile frame, which stands 83 meters tall and is 12 meters wide, has a net weight of approximately 310 tons. This structure is not only a key component of the vessel but also one of the most critical parts in terms of both design and construction quality.

The pile frame is constructed using a triangular truss system, built through a piece-by-piece assembly method. It features an inverted triangle shape that is mounted on a tire frame. The main structural components are made from DH36 steel plates, while the branch pipes are composed of seamless 410II pipes. Due to its complex geometry, the welding process must meet strict mechanical performance standards and be adaptable to the challenging on-site working conditions, including high precision requirements and difficult access for welders. To address these challenges, we conducted extensive research and testing on the welding procedures. As a result, we identified the most suitable welding process that ensures both efficiency and quality.

2. Groove Form

According to industry standards for shipbuilding, the main butt joints typically use a Y-shaped groove with an angle of 60°, a root face of 1–3 mm, and a gap of 3–4 mm. However, for the 950 mm diameter piles with a wall thickness of 18 mm and each section measuring 10 meters long, we optimized the groove form to a V-shaped groove with a 40° angle, no root face, and a gap of 6 mm. This adjustment was made to reduce the overall welding workload and consumables, improve efficiency, and ensure high-quality results using CO₂ gas shielded welding with ceramic backing on the reverse side. The welding was performed from one side, with double-sided coverage, as shown in Figure 2.

After the test pieces were welded, radiographic and ultrasonic testing were carried out. Following the flaw detection, tensile, bending, low-temperature impact, macroscopic, and hardness tests were performed in accordance with the CCS "Materials and Welding Specifications 2012." All test results were satisfactory and met the required technical standards.

4. Conclusion

Welding the joints of piling pipes is a core technology in the construction of the pile frame. In practical production, selecting an appropriate groove form is essential for ensuring welding quality, while a well-designed welding process guarantees the integrity of the welds. Several ships of the same type produced by our company have been in service without any issues related to the pile frame, and they have received high praise from the shipowners. This success highlights the importance of careful planning, rigorous testing, and continuous improvement in achieving reliable and high-quality shipbuilding solutions.

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