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Compound high protein feed with rice residue
Rice residue is the byproduct obtained after liquefying rice using alpha-amylase to remove the residual solids. Many sugar mills, glucose plants, and pharmaceutical factories use rice as a raw material, yet the resulting rice residue is often treated as waste and discarded with water, leading to underutilization. However, this residue can be transformed into a high-protein feed through fermentation, significantly increasing its protein and amino acid content—making it comparable to fishmeal. The process involves several key steps:
1. **Crushing the Slag**: The rice wet sugar slag is crushed and mixed with about 500 kg of water per 100 kg of residue. After stirring, the mixture is drained to remove excess water, preparing it for further processing.
2. **Saccharification**: The pH is adjusted to 4.5 using hydrochloric acid, and then saccharification enzymes are added. The mixture is heated to between 40°C and 50°C, and 200 ml of glucoamylase is added per kilogram of starch. The saccharification continues at 60°C for optimal conversion.
3. **Fermentation**:
- **Strain Used**: *Geotrichum candidum* is selected for its ability to enhance protein quality.
- **Inoculation Medium**: A slant culture is prepared using potato, glucose, and agar, incubated at 30°C.
- **First-Stage Seed Culture**: A shake flask is used with hydrolyzed sugar and ammonium sulfate, cultivated at 30°C for 10 hours.
- **Second-Stage Seed Culture**: In a 50-liter container, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, hydrolyzed sugar, and dipotassium carbonate are added, with the pH adjusted to 6.0 using ammonia water, and then cultured at 30°C.
- **Main Fermentation**: A 500-liter batch is prepared using the processed rice residue liquid, along with magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonia water, with the pH adjusted to 5.6 and fermented at 30°C.
4. **Extraction**: After fermentation, the mixture is centrifuged, filtered, and dried at 50–60°C. The dried product is then ground to a 20-mesh size for easier handling and feeding.
5. **Final Product**: The finished feed must have less than 1.8% moisture, over 65% protein content, and twice the protein level of traditional rice residue. Its amino acid profile is significantly enhanced, making it an excellent feed for livestock, poultry, and fish. The feeding results are highly satisfactory, proving that rice residue can be turned into a valuable resource rather than a waste product.