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Aerospace Science and Industry Group Testing Technology "Physical Examination" Submarine Oil Pipeline
Recently, 35 prototypes of the submarine pipeline leakage magnetic detector developed by the Third Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation have successfully passed the assessment by CNOOC Group. The project is set to begin production this year, marking a significant step toward breaking the long-standing foreign monopoly in China’s subsea pipeline inspection services.
Pipeline transportation of oil and natural gas is one of the five major transportation industries in China, often referred to as the “energy bloodline.†It plays a crucial role in the country’s economy. However, over the years, numerous pipeline safety incidents—especially oil and gas leaks on the seabed—have caused massive economic losses, threatened people's lives and property, and harmed the environment. These issues have drawn widespread international attention.
“Submarine pipelines are difficult to repair and costly to maintain,†an industry expert once noted. A single detection error in underwater pipeline corrosion can lead to maintenance costs reaching as high as 50 million yuan. Therefore, preventing damage to these critical energy arteries has become a pressing issue.
Magnetic flux leakage detection technology is currently considered the most comprehensive method for pipeline inspection worldwide. Approximately 90% of global pipeline inspections use this technique. It works by magnetizing the pipeline with a pair of north and south poles, creating a uniform magnetic field inside. When a defect exists, a magnetic field leakage occurs at that point, which is then detected through the magnetic flux leakage method. It’s similar to how water flows through a pipe—if there’s a leak or break, water will escape from the damaged area.
However, due to the complex conditions and corrosion factors affecting submarine pipelines, the reliability and environmental adaptability of detectors must be significantly higher than those used for terrestrial pipelines. Despite domestic efforts to track this technology for over two decades, no breakthroughs had been made until now. As a result, foreign companies have long dominated the market for subsea pipeline inspections. Not only does this pose risks to national oil and gas data security, but it also comes at a high cost—nearly 60,000 yuan per kilometer.
Faced with strong competition, the Third Academy quickly began developing its own magnetic flux leakage detection technology after receiving the project requirements. After 18 months of research and development, they successfully created a prototype with independent intellectual property rights. Zheng Li, the 29-year-old project leader, explained: “Our detectors use the pressure of oil and gas to move through the submarine pipelines, capturing and storing information about internal and external corrosion and defects. This allows us to accurately identify and locate problem areas, achieving expert-level testing.â€
Once deployed inside the submarine pipeline, the detector can provide a full range of inspection and evaluation services. Like a medical checkup, it offers a detailed report on the pipeline’s condition, identifying issues and suggesting solutions. This precise information serves as a critical basis for maintaining and repairing the “energy blood vessels,†enabling targeted treatment and reducing unnecessary costs and risks.
Zheng Li added, “There is a risk of the detector getting stuck or disassembling inside the pipeline, especially in corners and deformed sections. However, thanks to the high reliability standards of aerospace products, our technology is capable of competing with foreign alternatives. Moreover, our development is tailored to meet the specific needs of Chinese pipelines, offering better quality testing services.â€
Currently, the team has developed a detector suitable for 8-inch diameter submarine pipelines, having mastered the key technologies. This is just the beginning. In the future, they plan to expand into 10-inch, 12-inch, and 14-inch series of detectors. Alongside the first “pipeline doctor,†they will also develop high-precision online testing equipment for both subsea and land pipelines, along with data analysis and life assessment services.
“The groundwork for industrialization is complete,†said an official from the Third Academy. “Within two years, we will complete a 700-square-meter online testing system plant and a 600-square-meter R&D center, providing full-service pipeline testing and life assessment. Replacing foreign detectors with domestic ones is not only a demonstration of military defense technology expanding into the civilian economy but also a reflection of the great development of aerospace science and technology under the ‘big defense, big security, big integration’ strategy.â€
With lower costs, faster evaluation cycles, stronger confidentiality, and a better user experience, the nation is eager for the “local medical examiner†to take over soon.