High quality feed additive - pine needle powder

Pine needle powder is made from young shoots and needles that have been trimmed, then dried and ground into a fine powder. These pine needles are pinkish green in color and have a pleasant aroma. This powder is considered a promising feed additive for livestock and poultry, gaining attention in recent years as an innovative nutritional supplement. In many foreign countries, the use of pine needle powder in animal feed has been practiced for decades, with well-established industrial production systems. However, in China, this technology is still in its early stages. Most of the raw materials—pine needles—are currently treated as fuelwood or discarded as waste, leading to resource wastage and contributing to forest pest problems and even wildfires. China is home to various species of pine trees, such as Korean pine, larch, Masson pine, white pine, and black pine. According to estimates, China has approximately 70 million hectares of coniferous forests. At an average of 3 tons of pine needles per hectare, the annual output of pine needles could reach as high as 210 million tons. If properly utilized, this material can significantly reduce the need for grain-based feed and vitamins, improve the quality of animal products, lower feed costs, and ultimately boost the economic returns for farmers and feed producers. **Feeding Value of Pine Needle Powder** 1. **Rich in Carotene** The carotene content in different types of pine needle powders ranges from 69 to 356 mg/kg. Once converted into vitamin A in animals, it helps prevent skin diseases caused by vitamin A deficiency in livestock and poultry. 2. **High in Multivitamins** Pine needle powder is rich in vitamin C and E. The vitamin C content is typically between 950 and 2203 mg/kg, which promotes growth, enhances stress resistance, and boosts immunity in animals. Vitamin E levels range from 201 to 1266 mg/kg, helping to prevent cell membrane oxidation and offering anti-aging benefits. 3. **Contains Significant Protein** The protein content varies depending on the pine species. For example, Pinus taiwanensis contains about 11.9% protein, while larch has up to 15.2%. The protein in pine needle powder also includes a wide range of amino acids, including eight essential ones required by animals. 4. **Abundant in Trace Elements** Pine needle powder contains over 40 types of trace elements, more than what is found in yarrow. Key elements include copper (56 mg/kg), manganese (215 mg/kg), iron (329 mg/kg), zinc (38 mg/kg), selenium (3.6 mg/kg), cobalt (0.58 mg/kg), and molybdenum (0.87 mg/kg). Additionally, pine needle powder contains natural plant fungicides and hormones that help inhibit harmful microorganisms and support better growth in livestock. **Test Results of Pine Needle Powder** Studies show that adding 3% pine needle powder to chicken feed improves immune function, disease resistance, and survival rates. In one experiment, adding 6% to laying hens increased egg production by 9.1%, fertilization rate by 94.1%, and saved 15.1% in feed. For rabbits, adding 2–5% improved sexual performance and reproductive success. In pigs, adding 3–5% boosted weight gain by over 15%, saving 0.11 kg of concentrate per kilogram of weight gain. Generally, the recommended usage is 3–5% for pigs, cattle, and sheep; 3.5–5.5% for chickens and ducks; and 4% for aquatic animals. **Processing Methods and Precautions** After collection, fresh pine needles should be dried in a cool, ventilated area. Drying temperature should be maintained at 80–90°C, with regular moisture checks. When the moisture content drops to 8–10%, the material can be ground into powder. It should be packaged in black plastic bags and stored in a dark, dry, and clean place for no longer than two months to preserve vitamin content. The processing steps include: collecting pine branches → transporting to the facility → unloading and stacking → defoliation and chopping → drying → grinding → packaging. Essential equipment includes defoliators, choppers, dryers, grinders, and air supply systems.

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